“Violence and reprisal was the response to any Black effort aimed at gaining the political franchise; but because few blacks were willing to brave the virtually certain terroristic response to seeking the franchise, they were said to be ‘apathetic.’”

“Violence and reprisal was the response to any Black effort aimed at gaining the political franchise; but because few Blacks were willing to brave the virtually certain terroristic response to seeking the franchise, they were said to be ‘apathetic.’”